In announcing the 10% rate, the president said, "Every single thing I said today is guaranteed certainty." The next day's post made clear he had decided that 10% was not enough.

The justices didn't address the extent to which importers are entitled to refunds, leaving it to a lower court to sort out those issues.

The increase in factory production reflects rebounds in output of both business and construction supplies, adds to signs of a recovery in manufacturing.